Cryosurgery is a medical procedure that involves freezing and destroying abnormal or diseased tissue using extreme cold, typically liquid nitrogen. The cold temperature causes ice crystals to form inside the cells, leading to cell death and the eventual shedding of the targeted tissue.

Cryosurgery is commonly used to treat a variety of skin conditions, including warts, skin tags, actinic keratoses (precancerous lesions), seborrheic keratoses, and certain types of skin cancers like basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma in situ. It is also used for cosmetic removal of benign skin growths.

Most patients experience minimal discomfort during cryosurgery, often described as a brief stinging or burning sensation. The procedure is typically quick, and anesthesia is usually not required. After treatment, the area may become red and swollen, and a blister might form before healing over a period of days to weeks.

While cryosurgery is generally safe, possible side effects include temporary pain, blistering, scabbing, hypopigmentation (lightening of the skin), hyperpigmentation (darkening of the skin), and, rarely, scarring. In some cases, multiple treatments may be necessary to completely remove the lesion.

Post-procedure care involves keeping the area clean and dry. You may gently wash it with soap and water and cover it with a bandage if needed. Avoid picking at scabs or blisters to reduce the risk of infection and scarring. If you notice signs of infection or have concerns about healing, contact your dermatologist promptly.